
Eric Dollard - Origins of Energy Synthesis transcript
Eric Dollard · @EricDollard
Words
20,087
Runtime
3:49:54
Speaking pace
87wpm
Reading time
84min
87 words per minute, below the 160 25th percentile of 349 measured videos. That distribution comes from the 349-video hook study.
Opening (first 30 seconds)
Okay. So, we're going to start off with um a quotation by Heavyside here. Heavyside had an interesting way of starting off his chapters in electrical engineering by telling little stories. So, here we have a story. The following story is true. There was
44 words, the words spoken in the first 30 seconds at 87 words per minute.
Sentence shape
| Measure | This transcript |
|---|---|
| Sentences | 1,285 |
| Average words per sentence | 15.6 |
| Longest sentence | 110 words |
| Questions asked | 54 |
| Sentences containing a number | 69 |
Most used terms
- okay142
- energy113
- space99
- field93
- force91
- lines85
- electrical69
- current60
- electricity54
- magnetic52
- called48
- uh45
Filler phrases
190 in total: uh 45 · like 44 · basically 34 · kind of 19 · actually 17 · you know 11 · um 9 · right? 4 · I mean 3 · sort of 3 · literally 1.
A literal whole-word count of the same phrase list the Prepublish browser extension uses, so a phrase inside another word is not counted and a phrase used in its ordinary sense still is. It is a count and not a judgement.
What this transcript is
Every word below is the caption track YouTube publishes for this video, pulled from the video itself and reproduced unchanged. It is not Prepublish's writing, not a summary, and not a re-transcription: it is the video's own published captions. English captions, generated automatically by YouTube, in the video’s original language. Source: the video on YouTube. A channel that would rather this page did not exist can ask for its removal through the contact page, and it is removed.
Transcript
Okay. So, we're going to start off with um a quotation by Heavyside here. Heavyside had an interesting way of starting off his chapters in electrical engineering by telling little stories. So, here we have a story. The following story is true. There was a little boy and his father said, "Do try to be like other people. Don't frown." And he tried and tried but could not. So his father beat him with a strap and then he was eaten by the lions.
Reader, if young, take warning. By his sad life and death, for though it may be an honor to be different from other people, if Carlile's dictim about the 30 million still be true, yet other people don't not like it. So if you are different, you had better hide it and pretend to be solemn and wooden headed until you make your fortune. For most wood-headed people worship money, and really I do not see what else they can do.
If particularly you are going to write a book, remember to be woodenheaded. So be rigorous. That will cover a multitude of sins. And do not frown. There is a time for all things, for shouting, for gentle speaking, for silence, for washing of pots and pans, and the writing of books. Now let the pots and pans go black and let's set to work. It's hard to make a beginning but now it must be done. So this is where we begin the advice of Hall Graverside.
So we go right back to the origins of science which bring us to two people Plato and Aristotle. But first let's go let's go back to Styus. This go back to Styus. This is the guy who basically we're talking about. He invented the mathematics that allowed it a picture and engineerability of electricity that was beyond anything that any of the great mathematicians or scientists or anybody from that era could do. This is about 1900.
And then in our next shot, this is the other subject of our talk is electricity and it's wild pure form. You're looking at about a 100 foot long 440,000 volt 1,000 amper electrical discharge. that just doesn't want to go away but continues to grow. These are the things that the electrical power industry was almost brought to its knees on in trying to tap or prevent these type of situations from happening in the electrical system and Steinmus was the one that figured it out.
Okay, the next shot. Okay, now Mr. Whitaker wrote a book called theories of ether and electricity or the historical representation of the theories in of ether and electricity that covers all the scientific work in electricity. It's about a three volume set of about 1500 pages. If anybody wants to see where all of these ideas came from about the ether, about light and about relativity and quantum, this is the guy that cataloged the whole thing in a way that is is just absolutely mind-boggling right down to the finest detail.
You can go through all of Faraday's experiments and Maxwell's experiments and make your own decision from them because he doesn't make a decision for you. He just simply outlines the history. So you don't have to redo all the experiments of the past two or 30 hundred years. So go to the next shot. Okay. Now we have Plato. So our meth method of thinking comes from two people. Plato and then we have following him we have Aristotle.
So Plato's thinking was was to produce schemes more or less independent of existence on the basis of all being and they were totalitarian in nature. for Aristotle is the systematic experience of the surrounding universe. Truth attained progressively through the work of individual efforts. Now, Oliver Heavyside breaks this down a little further in the concept of natural philosophy. All of these people, Heavyside, Maxwell, Thompson, everybody that we're going to be talking about consider themselves a natural philosopher.
It's a mode of thinking that doesn't really exist anymore today. Now Heavyside broke the natural philosophy down into two terms. Those of the vitalists which dealt with the living world and that of the materialists which dealt with the non-living world which of course is us as electrical engineers. Now we can find the basic beginnings of science out of Aristotle's thought but it had to be modified by an English Franciscan frier by the name of aam in 1350.
He broke tradition with medieval thinking around 1350 and can be called the father of modern science. His line of reasoning led to capernicus then Galileo and Kepler. The mode of thinking was now how instead of why. Decart in the 1600s continued the line of reasoning and developed the first concept of the ether which is the most important concept in dealing with electricity. Decart regarded a metaphysics beyond the physical.
He called it the last part to be studied as it is necessary to have previous knowledge of many things. The study of electricity considering the electric phenomenon as non-physical is hereby by dayart's reasoning a metaphysical and not a physical study. And this is the the center of the whole problem is electricity is not a place for physicists. Okay. And now Arasmusimus in 1509 gave a basic description of pre daycart thinking which basically is where we are back again today.
He said there are innumerable nicities concerning notions, relations, instance and formalities which no one can pry into unless they have eyes that can penetrate the thickest darkness and there can see things that have no existence whatsoever. The very state that Arasimus complains of in 1509 has been reborn in the concepts of relativity and what I refer to as quantum mysticism. Tesla states, "The scientists from Franklin to Morse were clear thinkers and did not produce erroneous theories.
Scientists today think deeply instead of clearly. One must be sane to think clearly, but one can think deeply and be quite insane." Today's scientists have substituted mathematics for experiments and they wander through equation after equation and eventually build a structure which has no relation to reality. That's a pretty heavy statement for Tesla to make. Now, Edwin Armstrong, after being ripped off by RCA for his FM invention, really summed up the con the concept the best with the phrase, they substitute words for reality and then talk about the words.
Heavyside gives his idea on what science is is really about in his era and he very complicated uh statements. There is no self-contained theory possible apart from practical meaning. For a language is used in its enunciation which implies that developed ideas and complicated processes of thought are already in existence besides the general experience associated therewith. We define things in a phrase using words. These words hail to be explained by other words and so on forever in a complicated maze.
There is no bottom to anything. We're all antipodians and upside down. The misinterpretation of JJ Thompson's discovery of the electron greatly hampered the understanding of electricity. And in 1900, Steymit summarizes the situation in one of his books. He says, "Unfortunately, to a large extent in dealing with the dialectric field, the prehistoric conception of the electrostatic charge on the conductor still exists and thereby its use destroys the analogy between the two components of the electric field, the magnetic and the dialectric.
It make the consideration of the dialectric field unnecessarily complicated. In actuality, it eliminates the dialectric field and makes it so that you can't calculate it and substitutes electron flow in its place. Wires are not conductors of electricity. This misconception of so-called conductors or wires carrying electricity like water in a pipe was continuously attacked by heavy side in his writings. The entire article is written on the matter titled titled a perfect conductor is a perfect obstructor but does not absorb the electromagnetic energy of the waves.
Heavyside states, "It was discovered by mathematical reasoning that when a electric current is started in a wire, it begins entirely at its skin, in fact, upon the outside of the skin, and that in consequence sufficiently rapidly impressed fluctuations of the current keep to the skin of the wire and do not sensibly penetrate its interior. The concept of electron flow and wires rather than electrical field flow around the wires can be related to seeing the footprints of the invisible man in the snow.
Heavy says now very few if any mathematical electricians he's writing this in about 1890 very few if any mathematical electricians could understand this fact. Many of them neither understand it or believe it. Even many who do believe it so do not do not because they are told so. I believe simply because they can in the least feel positive about the truth of their own knowledge. An eminent practitioner remarked after prolonged skepticism.
If Sir Thompson says so, who can doubt it? What a world of worldly wisdom lies in that remark. That's Heavy Science quote. The relativists with their concept of distorted measurement or curved space replacing an ether and their concept of the equity of matter and energy work great harm into electrical sciences. A post Maxwellian theory of electromagnetism was to prevail ignoring the works of Tesla and JJ Thompson. Tesla states, "For more than 18 years, I have been reading treaties, reports of scientific transactions, and articles on Herz wave theory to keep myself informed, but they've always impressed me of works of fiction." Energy matter equivalency, as propounded by the relativists, serves to distort the proper understanding of the continuity of energy as represented by Heavyside.
The false doctrines of the law of conservation of energy has a delletterious impact on the findings of sty and others that electrical energy can be synthesized. Relativism sought to eliminate the concept of electricity in its entirety through the denial of the concept of the ether and plunge science into a giant glut of platonic thinking and thereby established a type of religion called quantum mysticism. It seeks the creation of a spiritual entity such as a goddess in which to engender its framework of thinking.
The influence somewhat forceful of the British thinking on science has been also a serious impediment upon the growth of electrical science. Foremost was the British association establishing a distorted system of units ohms, farads and what have you represent representing electrical quantities. The effects were disastrous. Arbitrary factors such as 4 pi or the speed of light squared stuck to the electrical units like crap on shoes.
The relativists took these parasitic factors which have no meaning in real terms and fabricated an entire way of thinking out of them. Heavyside used the phrase the brainwasting perversity of the British. Oiler describes British thinking on gravity as the English maintain that attraction is a property essential to all bodies mutually to approach as if they were impelled by feeling. Other philosophers consider this opinion as absurd and contrary to the principles of rational philosophy.
What was happening is is the British were trying to say there was nothing in between the objects that attract such as magnets that it was purely the bodies themselves and space in between was void of any acting material which has to be complete nonsense if you're going to deal with electricity. That's where the ether comes in. English national natural philosophers such as JJ Thompson totally ignored the work of Americans such as Tesla.
In fact, racial and national conflict paid played a major role in what would be established as scientific thinking. The lay of France would rail upon the works of American Ben Franklin, the grandfather of modern electrical science. The French would enrage the English with their ideas on Newton and hereby the English abandoned the ether concept for action at a distance in reprisal. Maxwell was to predominate over Helmholtz. the important works of Gerta and Steiner who came up with a completely complimentary concept of electricity and matter and these things that the British through Newton were working on were completely ignored by the British and Newtonian thinking.
Even though the works of Steiner are extremely important in understanding certain electrical relationships, racial mysticism such as Nazism or Zionism has given the world today a twisted nuclear thermodynamic science producing a divergent culture racing towards destruction. Styus regarded the Maxwellian concept of the transformer of fantasy. In fact, modern physics representation of transformer action is the diametric opposite of that of reality.
In the manner of heavy side, let us tell a story. The story is entitled an explosion at the shipyard. The USS Lucifer in need of repairs arrives at the shipyard. It is on an important mission to deliver nuclear bombs to Israeli military forces in Iran. Doc electrician, a Mr. Young, came across a bag of meth and has not been seen in days. substation transformer feeding the dock is not completely connected and the USS Lucifer needs its power now.
Lieutenant Junior great Einstein and Master Chief electricians mate Heavyside look at the transformer and find the pairs of secondary windings not completely connected. The work only partly completed by Mr. Young. Master Chief Heavyside still sick from last night's Liberty heads for sick bay. He sends Seaman Lopez, who was recently demoted for fighting with blacks in the engine room, to assist Mr. Einstein. Seaman Lopez fancies himself as a real hot shot and is eager to jump in to assist Lieutenant Junior, great Einstein.
Mr. Einstein, having never seen a transformer, ask Seaman Lopez if he knows that the connections are, but Lopez replies he's never seen a split winding transformer before. Now, Mr. Einstein, an at MIT graduate in physics, remembers his Maxwell equations, which tell him in his mind that the induced EMF on the driven windings X1 and X2 must be out of phase with the induced EMF in the unconnected winding X3 and X4. Thusly, Mr.
Einstein tells Lopez to connect X1, X4, and X2 to X3. Lopez bulks, feeling this may not be correct. Remembering back to electrician mate school, Mr. Einstein orders Lopez to make the connections or he'll be court marshal for his fighting in the engine room. But Seaman Lopez is not stupid. Mr. Einstein exclaims the superiority of MIT education over Naval EM school. The connections are made. Lopez closes the switch by praying to the Virgin Mary.
Everybody's killed in the blast. That is where electrical engineering exists today. Sadly enough, Heavyside laments, "The question is is what now is to be done? Are we modern pygmies who by looking over the shoulders of the giants can see somewhat further than they did to go on perpetuating their errors forever and ever and even legalizing them?" Upon the general acceptance of Einstein's relativity, Oliver Heavyside painted his fingernails pink, removed all the furniture from his house, and slept on a block of stone and wrote no more.
Okay, that's the completion of the first part. Are there any questions? Okay, so now we're going to get into basically what Styets is about and this engineering mathematics that I'm going to present here. So, Styets came up with what's called this symbolic method of electrical representation or what's known as the styets method. Engineering basically is built on mathematics and science. So, we have to concentrate a little bit on what mathematics and science is about.
Heavyside states that science begins with measurement of quantities. Mathematics is reasoning about quantities. Heavy side states electrical engineering deals with electrical energy and its flow that is electric power. Electrical engineers can be described as the goal orientated utilization of the principles of mathematics and science. Theory must follow experience. Tesla complains that a spell cast by delusive theories has worked harm into the proper understanding of electricity.
Heavyside advocates a somewhat forceful approach towards a correction of this type of problem stepping on toes as one goes on which is basically the heir of this particular talk I'm giving this might be the conversion from heavyside to Michael Savage to quote heavyside this seems strong language but as professor Tate tells us that it is almost criminal not to know several four languages which is a venial offense in the opinions of others.
It seems necessary to employ strong language when the criminality is more evident. It must be severe and logical. This is why Heavyside was eventually banned from writing, at least for a while. Upon giving up, Tesla states, "I am unwilling to afford to some small-minded and jealous individuals the satisfaction of having thwarted my efforts. These men are to me no more than microbes of a nasty disease. My project was by nature and the world was not prepared for it.
But the same laws will prevail in the end and make a triumphal success. I think you can see from the beginning of my talk that none of these people are very happy. Has anybody got that idea? If you mix my savage and physics that kind of get the idea. What's that? If you mix my sandwich and physics that does get the idea. Okay. Okay, so now we're going to get into Maxwell Heavyside and Steinmets and how the electrical process was picked up by them.
For 2,000 years, as Mr. Whitaker tells us in his book, the attractive power of amber had been regarded as a virtue peculiar to that particular substance or possessed by at most one or two more or two others. Amber being the where you rub the uh the material and it picks up the little pieces of paper, the original electrical experiences of the Greeks. Gilbert proved this to be proved this view to be mistaken, showing that the same effects are induced by friction in a quite large class of bodies.
A force which manifests in so many different kinds of matter seem to need a name of its own. And accordingly Gilbert gave to it the name electric which it has ever retained. So the birth of the word electric then became established in 1646 AD. Michael Faraday in 1831 makes public his theory of an electrified ether consisting of polarized core pusles forming tubules of electric induction. He begins his study of the analogies between motional and statical electrical currents.
Here begins the science of electricity. James Maxwell in 1855 at the conclusion of Faraday's research and development of the contiguous ether concept sets out to construct a mechanical model of electronamic actions. He wrote, "By careful study of the laws of elastic solids, the motions of viscous fluids, I hope to discover a method of forming a mechanical conception of this electronic state adapted to general reasoning." It has been said that Maxwell put the math to Faraday.
The impact that Maxwell's ideas had on the emerging electric science was truly profound. Utilizing the recently developed ideas of Newton, Linets and Hamilton, Maxwell produced a mathematical concept of electricity, one that stands to this day. Oliver Heavyside in 1895 begins to publish a series of articles titled on electromagnetic induction and its propagation. Here heavyside develops what he calls electromagnetic theory from the Faraday Maxwell point of view.
By 1888, Heavyside was banned from publishing through the efforts of a Mr. Priest of the British Post Office Telegraphy Administration. Heavyside was called a disgrace to the Royal Society. However, Eviverside established electrical engineering as we know it today. Heavyside finds that the Maxwellian ideas are so cumbersome and overly mathematical. a develop mathematician himself heavyside begins development beyond the concepts of Maxwell.
Heavyside states what is Maxwell's theory or what should we agree to understand by Maxwell's theory the first approximation to the matter is to say there is Maxwell's book as he wrote it there is his text and there are his equations together they make his theory but when we come to examine it closely we find that this answer is unsatisfactory to begin with it is sufficient to refer to papers by physicists written say during during the 12 years following the first publication of Maxwell's treatisey to see there may be much difference between opinions of them as to what the theory is.
It's seen differently and different by different men which is a sign that it is not set forth in a perfectly clear manner and unmistakable form. There are so many obscurities and some inconsistencies. Speaking for myself, this is heavyside speaking. It was only by changing its form of presentation that I was able to see it clearly and so as to avoid the inconsistencies. Now there is no finality in growing science. It is therefore impossible to adhere strictly to Maxwell's theory as he gave it to the world if only on account of it being inconvenient in form.
But it is clearly not admissible to make arbitrary changes in it and still call it his. He might have repudiated them utterly. But if we have good reason to believe that the theory as stated in his treaty does require modification to make it self-consistent and to believe that he would have admitted the necessity of the change when pointed out to him, then I think the resulting modified theory may well be called Maxwell's.
This is where Heavyside began his 1500page book called electromagnetic theory which is basically the icon of electrical theory and science. Everything today basically rests on it. Heavyside published his two volume work called electromagnetic theory. It went to three volumes in 1892. Here he developed his reconfiguration and extension of the Faraday Maxwell concept of electricity. Most terms used by electrical engineers such as impedance find their origin in these volumes.
Oliver Heavyside developed a complete and verified theory of propagation of electric waves on telephone and telegraph lines. The brilliance right out of abject ignorance met with harsh opposition. But when AT&T developed the first long-d distanceance lines on heavyside's theory, the voices of the opposition were silent and their noses went high. By the Maxwellian concepts of Oliver Heavyside found institution in the telephone and telegraph industries, there were certain difficulties in the application of these concepts to the electric power transmission systems particularly with regard to waves and transformers.
By 1900, Charles Proteius Stynetss had presented his theory of versus operators vers operators to replace the cumbersome differential equations utilized by the followers of Maxwell. Steinets was severely criticized notably by Michael Pupin who had glombmed on to heavy principles for AT&T, never mentioning Oliver of course. However, Styat's method was now a resounding hit amongst electrical engineers who now could forge ahead with Tesla's new system of alternate currents.
This mathematical methodology thus allowed the extension of Tesla's AC technology throughout the world. Steinets quickly became an ultral icon of the United States of America. Heavyside begun development of a similar line of thinking 30 years earlier with what he called his impedance operator. This concept while replacing differential equations was still too cumbersome for electrical engineers. In addition, it was Maxwellian.
The Steyets method being specialized for continuously alternating waves was of such simplicity that one may get the feeling of cheating or such in the corporate world that Steinmets worked his concepts of vers algebra in as it is called. Let's see. I think I skipped something here. never could advance it as far as he might take it. The companies were not interested in math. They were interested in machines. While attending a paper presented by Michael Pupin on the Tesla induction motor, Styus remarked that the differential equations made it too mathematical for practicing engineers.
He quickly sketched on the blackboard his complex number theory, which was simpler mathematically and also accounted for the losses, not possible in Maxwellian terminology. Upon finishing, Stymus was criticized for not using Maxwell coefficients by pupin. Stymus disliked the Maxwell approach because the coefficients of mutual inductance were expressed in a combined form as one magnetic field where in actuality in transformers they exist in two fields in what Steinmet calls the mutual flux and the leakage flux.
This conception is utmost importance and serves as one of the main themes of this paper. So Styetsz was given credit for being allowed by his employer to create electricity from the square root of minus1. And this is where we enter the basic theory of the talk. Is it possible to synthesize electrical energy? So a Vladimir Karapatov professor of electrical engineering at Cornell University expressed that Stinets was allowed by his employer to create electricity from the square root of minus1 at the eulogy of his death in 1923.
This appeared in the Cornell Daily Sun on the 29th of October 1923. Before the Steinets method, engineers had used differential equations or graphics to calculate alternating current problems. With all the mathematical baggage aside, engineers could see the alternating electric wave with crystal clarity. In this view, a few engineers knew that electrical energy can be synthesized, literally created along certain lines of ma of mathematical reasoning. that he lectured the American Institute of Electrical Engineers in which Styats, Tesla, and others threw their ideas back and forth about these.
Professor William Anthony stated at the closing of the meeting that within one year they were going to have a self-sustaining electrical system that didn't need any fuel. This was in the 1890s. Where is it today? Steinets began study of what's called synchronous parameter variation. The meaning of this is the variation of energy storage coefficients such as inductance or capacitance or resistance with respect to a point in time on the AC cycle is the cause of what sty says the lack is caused by what sty says the lack of uniformity and pulsation of the magnetic field causing a distortion of the induced emf at open circuit as well as under load the pulsation of reactants causing higher harmonics under load. be speaking about generators and motors.
Now the possation of resistance causing the same harmonics that was the big flame you saw at the beginning leaping off the the uh disconnect switch. Now normally now the normally constant or time invariant coefficients change in value with respect to time. Now we have a peculiar set of dimensions of Henry's pers, ohms per second, farads per second and seammens per second. And this is where the concept of the law of conservation of engineer of energy comes apart because the energy is appearing and disappearing in these relationships without any equality or connection anymore.
Energy could either vanish or energy can appear in the system. Steinet states in article 241 of his theory and calculation of alternating current phenomena published in New York in 1900. The following we find here a case of a circuit in which the power factor that is the ratio of watts to volts ampers differs from unity without any phase displacement in the phase cycle phase of the cycle. That is why the current and the emf are in phase with each other but are distorted.
The alternating wave cannot be replaced with equivalent sine wave since the assumption of equivalent sine wave would introduce a phase displacement of an angle that doesn't exist. This condition made itself apparent in the line switching equipment of the primordial electrical industry. Let's see if we have some of this is a is a prime example of what happens. Okay, we're trying to turn off a 220,000 volt power line. And this is the switch.
It stands about 50 ft high. Now, what they've done is in order to eliminate the oil tanks which normally uh break the main discharge, they're using vacuum columns. And what it is is the mechanism breaks the circuit inside the vacuum columns. But be that there's no uh gas or oil or anything to carry the current through to the zero part of the cycle. The voltage tends to yeah your laser. Yeah. The voltage tends to raise to infinity trying to maintain the power flow.
This is where the switches start to explode as they're opening here. Now, normally these cells here break the electrical circuit in the vacuum so there can be no arc. But that's kind of the last thing you want to do because the moment of the electricity will come thundering back down the line to try to keep it going. And what I just read from Styats is in the actual arcs where the switch contacts are breaking open is you start to get energy anomalies in these arcs and the system goes into accumulative oscillation and continues to accumulate energy until something blasts.
So, as we go through the opening of the switch, you can see where now the fire has jumped across and there's no way to stop the flow and it's just accumulating. I think we got one more shot before it explodes. There we go. Now, it's getting ready for the final blast and then the final shot. The whole That's another switch. Okay, that's the final shot where it shorts out the power line. The intensity of the light's so great that the camera can't really it shorted out the camera.
So, you can't really see the uh you can't see it at this point very clearly. It fuzzed it out. But that's a lot of power there. You're talking about the electrical discharge there is probably equivalent to maybe 20 locomotives running fullbore hauling trains over the Tahachchip packs. But I'm sorry, I get this right because it's interesting. a plasma is established inside these um vacuum slush chambers. No, the whole idea is to have no plasma, right?
But that being that the current is not cut off at a zero point in the cycle as the electrical or momentum starts to come thundering back down the line to maintain the current. So a plasma is created. No, it's that it inside it does not create a plasma. But the problem is the voltage gradient goes so high. Let's go. Can we go back to the first one? when it first starts to blow. Okay, what's happens is it's the voltage gradient now the electric field around this we'll get into later this is not just objects in isolated space the electric field density has become so severe okay that it has to strike out in the atmosphere to create a plasma because it can't create it in the switch so you might have an electrical uh field here in the order of maybe 10 or 15 volts per uh megga volts per centimeter and so the fire breaks out see normally when the switch opens The remaining fire is dissipated in these opening arms as as you see going through the video.
We go step by step. These were live pictures, but we couldn't have the they're stunning to watch move. So So you can see now the arcs have have come off the switch and now found their way back to the uh the line terminals and there's no way to stop this now. And then the arcs are changing resistance. This is the key thing. And the arcs are cyclically changing their resistance with respect to time on the alternating current cycle.
And in the process of doing this, they're creating a imaginary or I wouldn't say imaginary but a another dimensional energy that has to come out into this dimension and this is a process very worthy of study. This is what what Steinus is mentioning here in article 241. Then I would like to one thought because a lot of folks keep getting like right Bill for instance keep getting these mysterious voltages occurring on their antenna rays.
Is that related to this concept here? No, not directly. But it does indicate that there's something else coming in from a different dimensions. Well, what it is is basically mutual induction to the ionosphere and the sun. And those electric fields are always changing but it is an electrical gradient but there's no plasma other than the sun itself. But then we're getting into a system of much larger dynamics and more factors come in possibility, right?
Okay. So let's see. Okay. The condition made itself apparent in the line switching equipment of the primordial electric industry. Large transmission lines and substation transformers refused to be deenergized without some large fire or blast. This is a substation going up when they couldn't turn it off. So three three shots here. So this is what they were dealing with. And it wasn't a happy situation and they had no way to stop it.
If you tried to turn the stuff off, this is what would happen. And people got unfriendly about it, not let alone the people that paid for it. The condition, it was not as if they were creating their own energy. Let's see, I left off something here. AC power distribution could not progress because of this condition. It was as if they were creating their own energy. And this energy would not appear on the switchboard instruments of the power system.
Energy now had a new meaning and engineers felt a new era in the process of making. This is when Steinmets wrote his next famous book was on this topic. Situation came to a head of crisis level for both Genie and Westinghouse who were pointing the fingers at each other that their line switching equipment was the other guys was bad and theirs was good and uh they couldn't share the deal. So when the whole thing blew up, they had to start pointing the fingers.
So what happened is is the electrical system for the Manhattan elevated railway is what we're talking about. So man ele the Manhattan elevated railway blast and ensuing shutdown in 1903. At the time it was the world's largest screen steamdriven electrical generating plant. The capacity was 40 megawatt worth of voltage of 11,000 volts from phase to phase. singing static discharges of surge arresters began at one railway substation and then at another railway substation.
Shortly afterwards, a massive underground blast raised the street around the splicing manhole. Many of the 5 megawatt alternators suffered damage. Upon analysis by Styets, it was that a progressive or cumulative oscillation had developed, evading station voltmeters. This oscillation cohered at 270 cycles a second in the entire electrical system with a wave crest of 120,000 volts. That's a lot of buildup over 11,000 volts.
And the final fault current was a fault current of 9,000 ampers. So we're talking about a pretty good bang. That's why the whole street lifted up 2 or 3 feet. How did this work? Stein developed the synchronous condenser, a type of dynamo motor that one may be tempted to call a free energy device. This machine is utilized by the utility companies to provide part of the power to their transmission system that would otherwise have to be produced at the distant generating facility and thereby cause a waste of power in its transmission.
So basically the electrical power industry is in a certain sense already using so-called free energy concepts because it's inherent in the distribution system itself when it gets to a certain size. And we're using the Synchronous condenser, which is a very large synchronous motor that's immersed in hydrogen gas. The reason it's immersed in hydrogen gas is to cut the windage down. And hydrogen is a heavy absorber of heat.
So they can keep the machines cool and they can keep the windage losses down. The motor only connects to itself electrically. And through this synchronous parameter variation, what this motor does is become a generator by working its own phases inside and supplies all the magnetizing power for the system necessary to keep the transformers and transmission lines magnetized. And between the synchronous condenser and the substation at the distance end, through my experiments, I've determined that energy is actually synthesized in the space between the wires in the magnetic field.
Now, I did a experiment with this when I was at the Richmond shipyard. So these are our basic lines of force that we're talking about. They don't uh show up too clearly on this screen. There we go. So if we have an electrified wire, the wire is not carrying the electricity, but it's this induction in the space surrounding the wire that represents the electricity. The radial lines are what are called the electrostatic or as Faraday called them the dialectric lines of force.
The circumferential lines are the magnetic lines of force and in every point in space they exist at right angles to each other. So one is basically the antithesis or the denial of the other. This will be the repeating theme that we will see through this whole lecture is the conjugate relationship between magnetism and dialectricity. Now at every point at which these lines cross where the radial lines cross the circumpal lines this represents electromagnetic energy and it is flowing into or out out of the paper parallel to the axis of the wire.
At that particular crossing point we call that the unit of the plank and in Einstein or or quantum ideas it's called a photon. We go to the next one. Okay. Okay. Now when we have a system of conductors which bounds the electric field then it becomes trapped by the wires. That's why there's always more than one wire used in transmission systems is to bound the ether between the wires. So now we have the radial lines of force are tending to pull the wires towards each other mechanically by shortening.
The magnetic lines of force, the circumferential lines of force are tending to fill the space between the wires and push them apart mechanically. At a certain stress point of the dialectric, which we would call the voltage, and a certain stress point of the magnetic, which we would call the amperage, the two forces counterbalance each other and no force appears on the wire whatsoever. And this is called the natural impedance of the system where the two energies are balanced out.
We're going to get much deeper into this electric field. So, if we're looking down the power lines, then this is the two wires. And we'll get deeper into this later as we go down. Let's go to the next one. Okay. So, here's iron filings around the magnet. And you can see them lining up with the lines of force. In fact, actually, I have magnets passed around. Did somebody have those? The idea is if if is there are they passed around?
I thought I heard somebody clicking them. Is that you, Bob? You got the magnets? Well, if we don't have them, we'll I wanted you to actually feel this, but uh we didn't have time to put together a good model. Okay, let me uh let me go on here now. Okay, so we haven't got the Maxwell cells. Let's keep going. Keep going. We can always go back. These are various lines. Here we go. This is Maxwell's paper on the ether and and lines of force.
Let's keep going. Okay. Okay. Now, this is a drawing out of his notebook. So, this is what what Maxwell thinks that the ether structures into in its electrified form is this cellular construction. And then afterwards, we can read it. He gives us description. He'll after it then we'll read what he says. I suppose that the magnetic medium is divided into small portions or cells. The division or cell walls being composed a single stratum of spherical particles.
These particles being electricity, the substance of the cells I suppose to be highly elastic both with respect to compression and distortion and I suppose the connection between the cells and the particles in the cell walls to be such there is a perfect rolling without slipping between them and that they act upon each other tangentally. And then I then find that if the cells are set in rotation, the medium exerts a stress equivalent to a hydrostatic pressure combined with a longitudinal tension along the lines axis of rotation.
If there be two similar systems, the first system a system of magnets, electric currents and bodies capable of magnetic induction and the second composed of cells and cell walls, the density of the cells everywhere proportional to the capacity for magnetic induction at the corresponding point of the other and the magnitude and direction of the cells proportional to magnetic force. Then I think we have another page. So he makes his propositions here.
We won't we won't go through all this because it's a little more complicated. So, let's go back to um let me do some more reading here and go back to the first uh flux diagrams. Okay. Further back. Don't be afraid to use your laser pointer. Okay. Yeah. Let me um that might be helpful. Okay. So, here we have the crossing points. Okay. That's the electromagnetism. Then we have the circumferral lines of force which is the magnetism which is rotary in character and is basically dimensionally considered velocity.
Now we have the dialectric lines of force which are everywhere at right angles by definition being the the antithesis of the magnetic. So basically one becomes the gradient lines for the other. One defines the other in a conjugate or mirror sense. Now these lines of force can move along in this direction. Now the magnetic lines of force must surround in closed loops the electrical or electrified objects. They can never end in space.
In other words, this is just because it's gone off the paper. The dialectric lines of force must always terminate into what we will call counterpace or what JJ Thompson called intermolecular dimensions. So by more conventional theory we can say that this line of force is stuck to an electron on this wire and this line of force is stuck to a proton in that wire. That would be your more physiochemical representation. But no one really knows what's going on inside these wires.
And the electricity all moves this way down the paper at the speed of light. The ratio of these two quantities must always equal the speed of light. This was Maxwell's fantastic discovery that not only is the speed of light a velocity but is also the constant ratio between the amount of electrostatic or dialectric and magnetic energies in the system and the impedance of this type of configuration always tends to be again a numerical value based on the geometry.
But the speed of light has this duality and this is where the confusions of Einstein and relativity and everybody emerged from was this duality of the electric field is discovered by Maxwell. So I'm going to read some more Maxwell. We've gone through his cells. Okay. JJ Thompson as well as Henryside altered the Faraday Maxwell concept such that now a electrostatic field constituted the tubes of force and that a magnetic field was a secondary effect over Faraday referred to as the dialectric field.
JJ Thompson used the term Faraday tube to describe a unit line of electric force. Let's go to JJ Thompson's diagrams. Okay, here go back back. He's showing the attractive force exerted by dialectric lines of force between two bodies. Now Thompson felt unlike uh Faraday Faraday felt that the lines were magnetic but heavy side and Thompson felt that the dialectric were the primary and the magnetism was just that circling around the dialectric.
You know, it's kind of like a chicken or egg consideration that's never really been fully dissolve resolved because the ether has no tangible physical dimensions. Okay. Now, what's happening is these lines of force tending to be contractive pull the plus and minus together. And this basically is a representation of the process of attraction. Now we go to the next one. We have the process of repulsion. So in the process of repulsion, we don't have lines of force pushing the two objects apart.
What it is is the lines of force now have to terminate on more remote surfaces of molecular dimensions. And what it does is it pulls them away rather than pushes them away. So the repulsive process is not really a pushing apart, it's a pulling apart and there's a void here in the middle of the absence of electrification rather than a concentration of it. Okay. Now oilers ether and one which was prescribed to you by Tesla to compensate for give an idea of gravity that's further down the line here we'll just cover that one briefly because it's specialized okay now both Oiler and Tesla felt that there was a type of gas where the mean free path of the particles was so intense because of their extremely high velocity that they would never hit each other in any uh fathomable distance through space.
In other words, they could go for light years through space without hitting each other. It's a peculiar type of gas. Uh Tesla confirmed the existence of these particles which he called his cosmic rays which are not really connected to the cosmic rays as they're told today. He had discovered a primary type of cosmic ray which he said moved at 50 times the velocity of light. Now what these guys all thought is that what gravity is because it's not just simply two things attracting something has to make them pull together.
And we saw by the lines of force that what appears to be pushing apart is really pulling apart. If we look at it this way is if these randomly moving ultra gas particles strike an object many of them will go right through. that these these rays can be detected in the deepest minds of the world without suffering any attenuation. They can go right through the planet but a certain amount of them will hit something. Now what happens is that creates a dead zone.
So now you no longer have a uniform pressure of impacts around the object because the mean free path is so extreme that what it does is now this avoid zone. You have more lines pushing here and more lines pushing here than you do here or here. And this is what causes objects in space to move towards each other is they're actually pushed externally. It really is the most sensible view of how gravity operates. But it leads to some conclusions that are very unpopular because by this type of theory all the planets and the sun have to be hollow and people don't like to talk about that.
So Tesla also regards the ether as a gas and succeeds to produce these ultra fine high-speed particles in his vacuum tubes. Now I've duplicated this in experiment. He claims velocities 50 times that of light. Tesla's tubes gave the ether the properties of mechanical force against ponderable matter. I'll describe an experiment I did. So I took these special Tesla type of currents that we'll get into later why they're different and energized light bulbs with them.
Well, the light bulbs don't light up like normal on this because this is not normal electricity. So this kind of solar system or galaxy starts to appear inside the bulb with little suns and comets and stars and and gradually becomes cumulative like these power line oscillations. And what happens in this process is it actually even though that the bulb has a vacuum or partial vacuum in it is the glass when heated starts to push out.
Something is pushing the glass out. So, what has been done is the ether now has been solidified into something that can exhibit physical force against matter. Now, when we got a screw up there, I'll wait till the screw-up's over. I'm sorry. What? Oh, the language. The lights blinking and you guys are talking. So, next slide. Did something No, I just thought you had a problem. Yeah, just with the video tape. Okay, we're still rolling over here.
Okay. So, so what happens is is is this entity inside the ball produces so much impact and heat on the glass that when it melts, it'll melt a hole in the ball. Now, you would think when a hole is melted in the bulb that the air would rush in and wreck the partial vacuum and the bulb would cease to work. Well, it's the exact opposite. What happens is is this purple ether comes shooting out of the hole like a little air compressed jet and hisses and the vacuum in the bulb becomes stronger.
So this completely turns the concepts of what's inside empty light bulbs inside out. Steinets regarded the existence of the ether as a reality but changed horses when the the concept of the ether was eliminated by the Einstein concept of distorted measurement of what is called relativity. A natural philosopher by the name of Lamore at this point says we should not be tempted towards a simple group of relations such as Maxwell had tried to create which have been found to define the activity of the ether by treating them as mechanical of concealed structure in that medium.
We should rather rest satisfied with having attained their exact dynamical relations and not the end of describing a physical because they're not physical. Okay. Now, it looks like I've run out of material here for some reason. Where are we going with sheet? Okay, that's so I think we need to start going through these. It was very difficult to get all this together in time and most of it got like lost or shuffled or this this uh talk came hot out of the oven.
So let's go through here and then I'll start talking about okay now we're going to get into a more practical situation. So here we have a longdistance telephone line a basic uh simple reality and we're going to focus in on that. So we're going to look a little closer. I'm doing uh measurements on it with my car. You can't see the antennas. I think you can kind of see them up in the front. They're about 10 ft high. The car has equipment in it to give it the ability to sense the way insects do with their antennas through the electrostatic field.
I have special equipment inside the car right now determining what kind of forces are around various power lines and rocks and those type of things. It's part of my research. Okay, we'll take another shot. Okay, now we're into each individual transmission pair. Okay, we'll focus in tighter. So, this is what we're dealing with. Okay. Now, we're going to go to a a graphical. This is what we have. There's the two wires.
Okay. And we have an impulse started at the sending end going to the receiving end of the wires. And then the diagrams are the conversions of the ether in the space between the wires into what are called electrical constants of inductance and capacitance and resistance and conductance. And then the field diagram between those two wires, which we go back to the two wires. Then we go back to the field diagram. Field diagram.
No, back to the field. Other way, back to the field diagram. Okay. Now, those are the two wires cut sideways. And these are the two wires going end to end. So, let's go to the next slide. Okay. Now, we're going to start to take this space apart between the wires. So, we're going to start with the quantity of total electrification, which we're going to call the plank. Okay. And this quantity is going to be considered undivided.
That's bas the basic electricity between the wires. Okay. And this consists of two parts. One is called the total magnetization in Webers. And that's the Greek letter fi. And the Greek letter sigh is the total dialectrication between the wires in kulum. So let's go back to the space between the wires so we can show where these things exist. There you go. It's playing games with me like all this technology does because I have to hold it.
Okay. So this here in this diagram is the dialectrification and we're symbolizing the totality of the dialectrication other words the total number of lines of force in our system which is the span between two utility poles. Okay, with the Greek letter sigh, the magnetic forces which form the circumferential circles, we're taking the total quantity of that between the two poles and we're going to call that the Greek letter ph.
And then the point at which these unite, the net sum of all those, we're going to call Q or the total electrification of the system. So let's go back to our our equations. So we have the total electrification and then we have the magnetization and the dialectrification and these are named after plank, Weber and Koul. So let's look at them. There's Max Plank. These are all very famous people. A lot of them you don't even hear about.
Let's go to Weber. These are the guys that basically created our technology of today. And then Koulong. Okay, let's go to the next. Now we're going to start to to get this stuff broken down. So we get our basic relationships. So if we take the ratio of the total electrification to the total dialectrication then that gives us the magnetism in Weber's. If we take the total electrification the ratio of that to the total magnetization then obviously that gives us the total dialectrication and the electrification is the unqualified product of magnetism and dialectricity.
In other words, these are the two aspects of a dialectricity. This is the outer space aspect of dialectricity and this is the inner space aspect of dialectricity. Okay, let's go on that X there. That's a cross product not that means that means multiplication not the cross product but not in the generaliz not not not qualified multiplication you can get any type of product if I were to take a macro view of this would I be looking from this interpretation as can you speak up just a little sorry if I sorry if I were to take a macro view of this concept because that's kind of I see this um I'd be looking at density patterns in the ether is that kind of what you're interpreting exactly okay so then you have like like flux pattern Right.
There's a waveform actually fluctuating through this. Exactly. That's where I'm developing these ideas now. Get the point. Right. Okay. Now, normally somebody me somebody mentioned cross productd. So, let's go back. Let's go back to the that's centimeters to the fourth there. I just want to make sure I understand that. Go back to where you were a second ago. Uh we have but we're not we're not using that yet. Bottom on the right.
I know, but we haven't got there yet. Let's keep going back. We have we have to retrace our steps because somebody's people asking questions now. I have to define. Okay, go back to the diagram. All the way back to the diagram. Okay, now this is in a what's called an electromagnetic configuration. But not as we'll see later, not all configurations are electromagnetic. Now, in this case, this is the crossroduct. But as we'll find later, the multiplication is more general than that.
That's basically the crux the whole crux of this talk is to come up with the non electromagnetic or what we would call the Tesla component. So let's keep going then. Okay. Now, okay. So this is basically we're basically just saying here that magnetism and dialectricity are the two components of electricity. Sty eliminated the use of the word electric field because it's not correct. He called it the dialectric field in Faraday's terminology.
Everybody has agreed upon the magnetic. In Steinmet's electrical theory, electricity has to be the product of these two quantities. If it is not, if it's just one or the other, it's not electricity. So, a charged capacitor is not electricity. Okay? A trapped magnetic field in a motor winding is not electricity. It's only when these two things cooperate interdimensionally with a relationship where the energy of one is exchanged into the energy of the other through a cyclic process.
Do we have the appearance of electricity? Okay, let's go on. Okay, so now when we start to deal with this stuff in space, we start to get into some uh complexities and that's what I'm trying to present here. So we if we take the magnetic the total magnetic densities okay and on a per area basis in other words we have lines per square centimeter we call this let's call this the density of magnetic induction which would be in we per centime squared in other words square centimeters okay obviously we can do the same thing for the dialectric condition so if we have a cube sitting in there in between the wires there's going to be a certain number of lines of force going through this one square cm clear plastic cube that the wire that the the waves just go right through.
The wires are just the boundary. The electricity is flowing in this dialectric between the wires. This was Maxwell's profound discovery that electricity does not flow in conductors. In fact, actually in the days of Franklin, metals were called non electrics because they destroyed the electric field. The complete opposite conception of what's been put in our minds today. Okay, if we have an interesting situation now if we try to take this back to the electrification we have area squared and this is going to pop up again and again is now we have the dimensions of space to the fourth power which a physicist would be tempted to call fourdimensional space but we're going to modify that concept because that leads errors into the uh the mind state.
So we're going to work around that and I'll get into that a little later. So basically these are just our basic uh tenants of of what's to follow. What I'm trying to do is so that everybody knows what these terms that we bandandy about are like volts, amps, ohms, watts, kms. Everybody uses these words in electricity, but nobody really knows what their definition is. I could ask everybody in this room what a volt is and I would get a different answer and chances are almost everyone would be wrong.
But we're going to learn what a volt is. So let's move on. Okay. Okay. So if we take the quantity of electrification and we vary that with respect to time in other words it gets stronger or weaker or moves somehow so that in time its quantity changes. We call that work or energy in jewels. So in other words energy does not have a primary existence in this electrical theory. Energy is actually a derivative. So we have all of our derivatives of electric fields here.
So if we have the magnetism the total magnetization and we vary that with respect to time by strengthening or weakening the magnetic field that gives us E electromotive force in volts. So the when someone asks you what a volt is a volt is the rate at which magnetism is produced or consumed in an electrical system. That is the definition of a volt. Okay. Now if we take the total quantity of dialectrication okay and vary that with respect to time in other words we either produce or consume a dialectric field and it changes with respect to time we call that I and that's called the magnumotive force in ampers.
Okay. Now if we take the quantity of electricity and vary it to the time squared or if we take the product of these two which gives us this. In other words, this times this gives us this. We call that power P or act activity. P is the power activity in watts. So then we'll look at the people whose names we're using. So there's Juwel, Volulta, Amper, and Watt. These were the people that conceived these ideas that we're talking about now.
Okay, we'll go on to the next uh Okay, now what we're going to do is we're going to get into the proportionality of the of the situation. So if we have a magnetic field and we have a current which is associated with it, we take the proportionality between the two that gives us L or what we call the magnetic inductance and that's given in Henry's. So the inductance of an electrical system is the magnetism compared to how much current is required to produce it.
So if I can produce 100 units of magnetism for one unit of current compared to one unit of magnetism for one unit of current. The 100 units of magnetism for one unit of current would have 100 times the inductance of the other situation. So it's a basic proportionality. Now the same thing exists with the dialectric field. If there's a dialectric field and there's a voltage or in this case a potential associated with it then for every quantity of dialectric field there has to be a certain amount of electromotive force that gives rise to that dialectric field and we call this proportionality C or the dialectric capacity in farads.
So we have Henry's and farads. This is called inductance. This is called capacitance. These are all things I think a lot of people have heard about but never really got a definition of what they meant. These are basically geometric proportions determined by the configuration of the so-called conductors and insulators and do not change with the actual quantity involved. It's merely the proportionalities of the quantities and their inner workings.
Now if we take the ratio of the electrootive force to the magnumotive force or current we call that Z or impedance and this is given in ohms. And conversely if we look at it from the dialectric point of view if we take the magnamotive force or current and take the proportionality of that to the amount of voltage or emf or potential in the system that gives us y which is called the admmitance. This was a word developed by Steinbeckets.
This was a word developed by Heavyside to describe these things. And that's given in called Seammens. Then we'll look at the people that are attributed to the development of this. Henry was an American by the way. He was called the American Faraday. But he being an American, the British made sure that he was kind of left out of the story. So you don't hear about his experiments. But without him, Morris couldn't have developed the telegraph because Morris was a painter and an artist.
He was not electrical engineer. And you need Henry to wind all of his coils. Okay. Then we have Faraday. Faraday is basically the granddaddy of all of this. They call him the Columbus of electricity. It was his experiments that started the electrical age. He used no mathematics. It was all done with pieces of wood and bottles and things like that. No big giant Livermore labs. None of these things. Yet his work stands to this day.
Okay, we'll go on. Then M. He was the one that found the proportions between these constants that we saw earlier like the the amount of electricity to the amount of magnetism or the amount of volts to amps. They didn't have a lot of these words back then made it hard for him to work on. There was no volt or amp or ohm but hem was the one that worked these relationships and produced them for the first time. Then we go to Seammens.
Seammens was uh successfully created one of the world's first long-d distanceance telegraph lines that went all the way from Russia to India and massive quantities of scientific information were gleaned out of this and this is basically what started Oliver Heavyside because he was the first mathematician to analyze the telegraph and telephone line which created our modern engineering mathematics. Okay, let's keep going.
Okay. Now we have a situation that's a little different and these are where our energy anomalies occur is in these type of conditions. Okay. If we have the inductance of a system and we vary that with respect to time in other words if I have a electromagnet and the core is moving so that the like in a motor so that the inductance is varying with respect to time we call that R or resistance. Okay, which can be either given in Henry's per second, but customarily we call that an ohm because it's in the same dimensions as impedance.
And then conversely, if we vary the capacitance with respect to time, we call that G or conductance, which in America they use Ohm's name backwards or MO, which is inconvenient. So I stuck with the Seammens because that letter S is actually needed later down the line. So it turns out to be in in a generalized electrical system this component represents the destruction of energy and this component represents the creation of energy in an electrical system whether it either be synthesized or it converts from electricity to mechanical or it converts from mechanical to electricity.
Then these are the ways that it goes back and forth. So your light bulbs, your space heaters, your motors, your computers, all that type of stuff involve these relationships so that the electricity can find its way out of the system and appear as heat or light or in some cases be dimensionally materialized and disappear completely from the system which does happen. Okay. And then if we take the product of these two terms, it gives us the dimensions of time squared.
So if we take the square root of the inductance times the capacitance, that is how we derive what's called the frequency of oscillation. In other words, there has to be a time rate of energy exchange between the magnetic and dialectric field as they constantly dump from one into the other. We're going to get into the mechanism of that a little further down the line here. Okay, we'll go to the next. Okay, this was actually for a dimensional situation.
We couldn't get that in the right spot, so we'll have to go back to it. Well, why are you doing that? What's that? Why are you doing that? Because that it seems to me that what you're proposing is sort of like in a sense an antenna that can capture these fluctuations in the ether as a way of harvesting this other energy. Is that one way of looking at that? Uh that might be like an extrapolation of it. But basically what my but what what I have determined in my research and with this mathematics and experiments and other people's work is that energy can be taken apart or put back together.
No argument there. So if you have this potential for somehow capturing these fluctuation or density patterns in the ether that in itself might be instigating what looks like apparent electricity. Right. Well, if you take a situation, okay, we're standing right now what appears to be uh motionless space, right? Nothing's moving except for our basic uh you know, milling about. But the thing is is the Earth revolves on its axis.
So, we're moving in a certain direction at 1,000 mph, but then the Earth goes around the Sun. Okay? So, if the Earth is going around the Sun now, we're up to about 60,000 m an hour. That's how fast we're moving through space right now. Now, if we take how fast is the sun moving through the galaxies, okay, these numbers just keep on building up. Now, let's say we view this as a railroad train. Okay, now if I'm on this railroad train going 250,000 m hour, okay, and I take this thing and I throw it off the train, what's it going to do?
It's going to make a big blast right when it hits the ground. If this thing is moving at 250,000 m through space and it stops against the wall, there's no gun that shoots that fast. That is how much energy we have right now in our bodies flying through space. So when Einstein talked about frame drag he actually talked about the elasticity of tiny space condominum being manipulated or stretched by body or by other forms of mass.
So in a way in a way you're kind of poking at that idea a little bit. Well I'm coming about it from a way where it's it's actually on physical dimensions and not with the metrical dimensions. I'm going to get into that later. That's what those other di let's actually let's go back to those diagrams. Okay, I was going to do a little coverage on dimensions here because this is part of where the mind virus appears and it really has to be corrected.
So let me um let me try to read from this. It is the computer hated this whole talk and just fought it the whole way. So I I have determined I don't normally use that technology because it's repulsive to me, but I have determined what the the creators of this technology are doing are introducing what we call NEMS nemesis into the systems. Okay? And the and what I look at the people that create this technology are a bunch of geeks.
And what it is is they're creating their geekdom in the machine. And the geekdom feeds on your tension or what you're doing that doesn't fit into what these people like to hear. A friend of mine referred to it as a Trojan horse. I won't say any more about it because that's exactly what it is. So everything you pretty much see here, uh I I have been involved in this about 20 years, but just about all this I put together on park benches as a homeless person here in San Francisco for 10 years.
I didn't need any computers. It's quicker not to use the computer. You use paste, use paper and scissors and a photocopy machine. So, okay. So, let's go back to this. Okay. So, we're going to start we're going to deal with the concept of dimensions because this is something needs to be cleared up before we go back to the ether. Okay. The definition of dimension, one of a group of properties whose number is necessary and sufficient to determine uniquely each element of a system of entities.
That's kind of a choke of a definition. Now, the misuse of the word dimensions is where it's not the case. We're not using dimensions in this term. Okay? Dimensions are not to be defined or expressed as a directional measurement or number of coordinates such as a three-dimensional space. There's only one dimension to space. Hereby space is a solitary dimension that there exists only the dimension of space space. Expressions like four-dimensional spacetime or two-dimensional space have no meaning.
Spacetime then is simply the relation of two distinct dimensions. The single dimension of space and the single dimension of time. As an example, velocity is expressed as the ratio of the dimension of space to the dimension of time. That is how many miles of space for over how many hours of time? Miles per hour. Thus, velocity is expressed as a two-dimensional relationship. Okay. You know if we take the dimensions of time okay we have two expressions of time and electricity we're not electricity we are not confined to our normal uh so-called rational ideas of what space or time is space for time are basically measurement processes they're not physical processes so time can either move in a forward direction or it can move in a backwards direction and the in an electrical system any general Generalized electric wave consists of a superp position of a wave going forwards in time and a wave going backwards in time and the point in time which they cross is the crest of the wave.
Okay, in the dimension of time we move in an additive or a subtractive manner. In other words, our operator is + one or minus one and time is multiplied by this operator. So time is either plus or minus. Space is entirely different and this is where the problems start to appear in electrical research. Okay. Space this case the letter L for length is now the operator exists in the exponent. So we have outer space or we have inner space.
So it's plus and minus in either it's in an outside space like the space of real estate in acres or it can be an inner space such as in between the molecules and electrons inside a transistor. So inside the transistor we have a condition of inner space or which Rudolph Steiner called counters. That's the term that I use for this is called counterspace. There's space and counters. But in order to make it truly a duality, we call one outer space which would be the space outside the wires and then we have the inner space which would be the space inside the wires and we have the exact same condition in the ether.
Okay. And if I take space I can take space such as I can represent that blackboard by a certain number of square centimeters and that is in the dimensions of outer or space. But if I take a ruler and I look at the space in between the lines, I call that inner space or counter space. So space is measured in centimeters in this case. In other words, it's to the positive exponent. But counterspace is measured in per cm.
In other words, to the negative exponent. So this is a very important consideration. Now there's we go to the next one. There's two systems of logarithms that are in general use. The upper system of logarithms which gives us our normal uh trigonometric functions of ss and cosiness and also can give us our hyperbolic signs and hyperbolic cosiness and it's based on a Newtonian uh mathematical operation where you go through this process and that is a way you express your so-called trigonometric relationships.
It makes the equations work. In other words, I could have two pi radians and that tells me that that's one circle, but it has to be in this basic mathematical form. But there's another one that's called the golden ratio. Now, what's interesting about the golden ratio that is this particular expression? Now, in the golden ratio, we find that if we have the golden ratio, which would say the letter A just to represent that specific ratio as a quantity a.
If I subtract it from one, I get the same answer as if I take that a and I raise it to the negative one power. So if we go back, the goal of the ratio ultimately, this is one of my projects I'm working on now that I have no more equipment. I only get involved in mathematics is to come up with a system of logarithms that utilizes the golden ratio to attempt to bring these two dimensional representations together. Now what Steyets did in his study of power lines is in order to eliminate having to use these multiple differential equations to go from space to time and express space time.
What he did is he measured the length of all the power lines in light seconds. And by making his measurements in light seconds instead of meters or centimeters or cycles per second or these things, what happened is is then all of a sudden these two dimensional relationships unified and Stinus was able to to calculate and visualize and explain electric waves traveling in these phone lines and power lines that no one even knew existed.
Most of this stuff will not even appear on the voltmeters in a lot of systems and there's no way to measure it because they're existing in these various time frames going backwards and forwards and spaces and Steinmets came up with a much more advanced theory of electricity that unfortunately was never allowed to complete but he's he started on it and it's something to work with. So let's keep going here then we where we leave off okay we're going now we're going to go into this actual capacitance and inductance.
So the phenomena of capacitance is a type of electrical energy storage in the form of a field in enclosed space. This is what we've already seen in our ether diagrams. This space is typically bounded by two parallel metallic plates or two metallic foils on an intervening insulator or dialectric. A nearly infinite variety of more complex structures can exhibit capacity as long as there is a difference in electric potential.
Electro potential exists between various areas of the structure. The oscillating coil or Tesla coil when we refer to oscillating coil represents one possibility as to a capacitor of more complex form. And this is what we're getting into here because we're all this all going to lead up to Tesla. Okay, let's keep going. Okay. The perception of capacitance as used today is wholly inadequate for the proper understanding of this effect.
Styz mentions in his introductory book electric discharges waves and impulses to quote and we've already gone through this about the electric charge. So let's keep going. Okay, we keep going. All the lines of magnetic force are closed upon themselves. All lines of dialectric force terminate on conductors but may form closed loops in electromagnetic radiation. These represent the basic laws of lines of force. It can be seen from these laws that any line of force cannot just end in space.
We've pretty much seen this graphically already. So let's continue. Faraday felt strongly that action in a distance is not possible through empty space or in other words, matter cannot act where it is not. He considered space pervaded with these lines of force. Almost everyone is familiar with the patterns formed by iron filings around magnets. These filings act as numerous tiny compasses and orientate themselves along the lines of force existing around the poles of a magnet.
We saw this in the picture further back. Experiment has indicated that a magnetic field does possess a fibrous construction. By passing a coil of wire through a strong magnetic field and listening to the coil output in a pair of headphones, the experimental will notice the scraping noise. In other words, the sound of the lines of force breaking on the conductors. JJ Thompson performed further experiments involving ionization of gases that indicate the field is not continuous but is a fibrous structure.
He presents this in his book electricity and matter in 1906. This is where he developed the concept of the electron. Okay, we keep going. Consider the space between poles of a magnet or a capacitor as full lines electric force. Okay, we've already seen the pictures. These lines of force act as a quantity of stretched and mutually repellent springs. Anyone who has pushed together the light poles of two magnets has felt this springy mass.
Okay, we've seen the figures. We've gone through all that. Consider the Okay, we're gone. Let's go back to the diagram. Let's go all the way back. Can we go back to the flux diagrams? Sure. Keep going. Okay, this is what we're talking about here is this diagram of attraction and then the next diagram of repulsion. This is what we're first I'll read the text. We have to keep this in mind. It's it's hard to do stuff in a serial fashion.
But so if we could move back to the Okay, I think it's the next one. Okay, so now we're talking about okay, put in figure one, the lines of force are more dense along AB between the poles and that more lines on A are facing B than are projecting outwards to infinity. So in other words, the lines are in between the two objects. Considering the effects of the lines of force on A, these lines are in a state of tension and pull on A.
Because more are pulling on A towards B than those pulling on A away from B, we have what appears to be the phenomena of physical attraction. Now we observe from figure one, notice how that the poles are like rather than unlike. This is the second diagram where all lines pull A away from B. This is the phenomena of physical repulsion. The lines of force can be more clearly understood by representation of it as a tube of force or a long thin cylinder.
Maxwell presented the idea that the tension of a tube of force is representative of electric force in volts per inch. And in addition to this tension, there is a medium through which these tubes pass. There exists a hydrostatic pressure against this media or what's called the ether. The value of this pressure is 1/2 the product of the dialectric and magnetic density which these terms we've already encountered. There are then there is a pressure at right angles to the electric tubes of force.
If through the growth of a field, the tubes of force spread sideways or in width, the broadside drag through the medium represents the magnetic reaction to the growth in intensity of an electric current. However, if a tube of force is caused to move endwise, it will glide through the medium with little or no drag as if little surface is offered. This is the opposite type of wave to the electromagnetic wave. The first one, sideways movement of the lines of force is like moving a sail through the atmosphere.
There must be a reaction. So if the dialectric lines of force represent the sail, if it's moving sideways through the space, then the air movement represents the magnetic reaction and the energy of the entire system then could be called electromagnetic in analogy. But if the lines of floors, if the sail is made to move sideways, there is no drag through the air. There is no velocity of light. There is no magnetic field.
And now we have the world of Nicola Tesla. This is the type of transmission he was using. Well, the reason I wanted to ask about the frame drag aspect of a rotating planet like Earth because I would theorize based on the model you're presenting, which I think is interesting, uh, that the density patterns of the ether would be different at different parts in the Earth's surface. You would have a radically different ether pattern at the equator, sorry, than you would at the poles.
I was kind of wondering if that in some way fits into that. Well, see, unfortunately, these things had never really been worked out. That's why they gave up on the ether. But nonetheless, I mean, if an experiment were to be designed with this idea in mind, would that be one of the things you would want to look at? Well, obviously, you know, the thing is to try to get a better understanding of how this all relates to, you know, is the ether more dense in one part of the solar system, the other.
The question has always been asked, is the ether carried with the earth or does the earth move through the ether? And then the thing is that meter the ether being physical at all is there's no way to pinpoint it. All of these people as you find in Whitaker's book for the hundreds and hundreds of pages came up with all these models of the ether that couldn't possibly work. Michael showed that too. Everybody came up. That's why this guy Lam Moore stated that let's just drop trying to say what the ether is because we have all the inter relations handed to us through observation of electric phenomena.
When as heavy said, why should I not eat my dinner because I don't understand how I digest it. when the tender was toed behind the spatial and it went by poof. Um I'm kind of curious how do you see that as fitting into this framework reference? Remember the the tether that stood behind the space shuttle. Yeah, they were they were trying to drag a capacitor, right? Or bell or something. Actually, they were kind of unclear as to what they were trying to do, but the theory was they're trying to see if they could actually collect voltage from the earth.
Well, obviously they did. Well, they did, but but the fun part was they got much more than they thought they were going to get. I thought that might be sort of interesting. Well, the thing is now here when you get out of this in outer space, the rules seem to change quite a bit, but this stuff doesn't they don't tell you that. For example, you can't see the sun or the stars in outer space. You can see the moon, you can see your hand, you can see the spaceship, you can see rocks, uh but you you can see the planets, but you can't see the sun and you can't see the stars.
So there's something about there's a primary light and a secondary light. And then you have to figure what kind of voltage gradients exist between the earth and the sun. When Tesla says the sun is charged with 2 billion volts of electricity, the whole of the solar system, it's the only way to explain how a planet like Pluto because a large number of planets are lining up right now. And what this does is this causes solar flares.
Okay, the physicist, you tell that to the physicist, particularly the astronomer, they'll be twitching on the floor, puking their lunch. But nevertheless, this is well known by all RCA engineers, and it doesn't matter what physicists think because all RCA cares about is money. And if the transmitters don't work, then the money gets cut off. So what RCA found is that planetary alignments influence the solar flares and the electrical conditions of space and cause these massive changes in radio propagation that go beyond anything you can explain with Aurora Borealis or because I studied this stuff for a long time.
It's no mistake with all the RC equipment and there's something much deeper going on here. If you look at the planets as elements of a capacitor and there's electrostatic lines of force between all of these planets, then it seems to make sense that if they move into configuration, the lines of force will be able to join up better. And it's also a condition of capacitance as we'll get into some of it here is if you take two objects which have an electrostatic field between them and the more you try to separate them because they're mechanically want to pull each other together.
The more you try and separate them, the higher the voltage has to raise in order to keep the quantity of energy constant according to the law conservation of energy. And the voltage will continue to raise and this is how lightning is formed until eventually nothing can withstand that stress and it blasts. So this is going on in outer space and somehow as a friend of mine said NASA's abbreviation for never a straight answer.
Well, actually it's a very good answer, but um you do have a comrade and I'm sorry I can't remember the name. Sorry. There's a guy with a book called The Electric Universe and yeah, I'm trying to communicate with him, but he doesn't seem to be interested in anything I'm working on. But your whole idea of the planets lining up. I mean, well, it's not my idea. It's kind of what the idea. I'm not really creating any of this.
I'm just taking all the pieces and putting them together. I'm just kind of, you know, they told me in high school that I was So I'm just kind of, you know, a homeless person that just takes books and past pages on, you know, other pieces of paper in the in the public library. I was accused of this. Okay, let me get back to this because I don't want to lose track of our concept. So we're talking about lines of force and capacitance.
So okay, so much of the mystery surrounding the workings of capacitance can be cleared by close examination of inductance and how it gives rise to dialectric phenomena. So basically what I'm saying is is our our knowledge of magnetism and inductance is is farther than the knowledge of the dialectric and the capacitance because the physicists say there is no dialectric and there is no capacitance that it's electrons and it's action at a distance.
There's no lines of force in between it's electrons and there's no electricity. It's matter. But this is a a grave mistake and this is what we're going to climb out of. Okay. Inductance represents energy storage in the space as a magnetic field. So if we look at all those lines of force around the magnet that represents the storage of energy. In other words, there exists there in that field the force keeping it alive stored electrical energy just like a bottle in that magnetic field.
The lines of force orientate themselves as we've seen in closed loops surrounding the axis of current flow which is basically a shadow of the magnetism. It's the magnetism scraping on the wire. That's what we call current flow. The larger the space between this current and its images and reflections that in other words the wire on the other side, the more energy that can be stored in the resulting field. So in other words, the bigger the space between the wires, the more space we have, the more outer space we have, the more magnetism we can hold in that bottle.
It just makes absolute physical sense. Let's continue. The process of pushing these lines or loops outward causing them to stretch represents storing energy as in a rubber band. A given current strength will hold a loop of force at a given distance from a conductor passing current. Hence no energy movement. The situation stabilizes itself. If the flow of current increases the energy absorbed by the field I can't read it in the uh someone read that for me or can absorb by the field as okay as the loops are then pushed outwards at a corresponding velocity because the energy is in motion an electromotive force must now accompany the current flow in order for it to represent power.
The magnitude of this electromotive force exactly corresponds to the velocity of the field. As we've seen, a change in magnetic field with respect to time is voltage or electromotive force. So as long as there's change in the magnetic field, there must be an electromotive force. A model would be is if you're flying down the road at a constant velocity in your car, you feel no motion. You're not being pushed forwards or backwards.
But as soon as that velocity varies with respect to time, then all of a sudden there's an inertial response where you either are pulled forwards or pulled backwards. This variation in velocity, the rate of change of velocity where velocity is analogous to magnetism through the swirling of the ether, the electromotive force results as a reaction to any type of change in that system just as inertia. In fact, we could we call inductance in electronics electrical inertia.
So the motion in the motion and EMFs must accompany the current flow in order for it to represent power. The magnitude of this course we could be going through that if then if the current ceases changing in magnitude thereby becoming constant no emf accompanies it as no power is being absorbed. However, if this current is decreased and represents then a negative velocity of the field as the loops contract because the emf corresponds exactly to velocity, it reverses polarity and thereby reverses power.
So, it now moves out of the field and into the current. Since no power is required to maintain a field only current, the static or stationary field represents stored energy. Okay, when we do the next page, many interesting features of inductance manifest themselves in the two limiting cases of trapping the energy or releasing it instantly. We call these the limits of zero infinity. In other words, time equals zero or time is instantaneous.
In other words, there's no time to grab onto. When it is switched off, the inductance drains its energy into the resistance that converts it into a form of heat. We will assume a perfect conductor that has no resistance. In other words, we have a coil or a system that's cooled to absolute zero. Let's say if we remove the current supply by shorting the terminals of the inductor, we've isolated it without interrupting any current.
Since the collapse of the field produces emf, this emf will tend to manifest. However, a short circuit will not allow an emf to develop across it as it has no resistance. By definition, no emf can combine with current to form power. Therefore, the energy will remain in the field. It will be trapped. It'll be closed. The door will be closed by the wire tying the two ends of the coil together and forming a complete circuit loop for the magnetism to be trapped inside.
The experiment of this is if you take a piece of lead cooled to absolute zero and drop it in the liquid helium that's cooling it to absolute zero in a magnet is it will float on the magnetic lines of force because now it's become a perfect conductor which is not true. is a perfect is a perfect obstructor. Like heavy side says that magnetism cannot get into the counterpatial or interdimensional material of the metals because of the absolute zero and cause electron flow.
So the so-called conductor will float on the magnetism because there can't be any change in the energy balance. So you have like a a type of magnetic shock absorber or spring. It can't go fall down because the magnetism will hold it up by the or exactly what we're talking about here. Any attempt to collapse the field increases the current which pushes it right back out. This is one form of storage of energy. Okay, now we're going to go on.
Okay, we're going back to our fields. This is where our energy actions are is in this field. Let's keep going. We're going back to our fields again. So, this is the space we're in. Okay. Now, very interesting and dangerous phenomena manifest themselves. This particularly when you're working on DC ships, this is something you really have to watch out for. Manifest itself when the current path is interrupted. In other words, if you break the circuit wide open like one of those vacuum switches tried to do on the substation uh disconnects.
In this case, the resistance is best represented by its inverse conductance. The conductance is then zero because the current vanishes instantly. The field collapses at the velocity approaching that of light. Theoretically that still hasn't been measured. As emf is directly related to velocity of flux, it tends towards infinity. Very powerful effects are produced because the field is attempting to maintain current by producing whatever electromotive force is required.
That's what starts feeding these flames on the switches. If a considerable amount of energy exists, say several kilowatt hours, that's what you use in your house in one day or 250 kilowatts for a lightning stroke. Threating stroke has 250 kilwatt hours or 250 units of energy that we're dealing with here. The ensuing discharge can produce most profound effects and completely destroy adequately protected apparatus. So if let's say I have a 50 horsepower DC motor, it has these giant inductance coils in it to create magnetism.
Now, if I go into the contactor box, I find this big resistor in there. And what it's designed to do is when that contactor opens up and tries to disconnect the inductance from the rest of the bounding electrical system, the the collapse of the magnetic field will generate whatever voltage is necessary to keep jumping across those contacts and it will leap out and kill you. Have to stop you for a sec. 0% whatever voltage is necessary to keep jumping across magnetic field which represents stored energy and try to stop the field from existing whatever voltage is necessary.
So they put these drain resistors inside the motor starting boxes to absorb that blast so the magnetism can release itself in a sane rate. So this is something in DC you have to deal with this situation and what will happen is if you break the circuit instantly we'll get it but if you can't do it that gets into another process inside the windings that will prevent it from going to infinity and that's what we're going to go into next.
The magnetism the energy has to go somewhere and it finds another route. So let's keep going. So we have another form of energy storage to try to absorb this up and that's the capacitance. Okay. And through the rapid discharge of the inductance, a new force field appears that reduces the rate of inductive electromotive force formation. This field is also represented by lines of force, but these are of a different nature than those of magnetism.
These lines of force are not a manifestation of current flow but of an electric compression or tension. This tension is termed voltage or potential difference and these are our dialectric lines of force. So the magnetism will produce an electromotive force to try to maintain the current flow. But this electromotive force will then create a dialectric field and this ultimately limits the situation so it doesn't go to a trillion volts.
Usually in a big motor it'll limit off at about 10 or 15,000 volts but usually it'll blow holes in the windings. So let's keep going. Unlike magnetism, the energy is forced or compressed inwards rather than outwards. They're going into a counterpatial relationship. The electric lines of force push inwards into internal space and along axis rather than push outwards broadside to the axis as in a magnetic field. Because the lines are mutually repellent, certain amounts of broadside or transverse motion can be expected.
But the phenomena is basically longitudinal. This is we're getting into Tesla's world now. This gives rise to an interesting paradox that will be noticed with capacity. This is that the smaller the space bounded by the conducting structures, in other words, the closer the wires are together or the closer the plates of the capacitor, the more energy that can be stored. So, it's defying our concept of the bottle holding energy.
In other words, in this case now, the smaller the bounding structure, the more dialectricity will hold because it's being held in counter space. So the electric field, let's go back to the electrical field diagram. Okay? So these magnetic motions or velocities, okay? And these dialectrics are referred to more as as torque or compression. The magnetic lines of force exist in outer space. The dialectric lines of force exist in inner space or counter space.
So the electric field in between transmission lines or telephone lines or coaxial cables or any of these things represent the storage of energy in two different aspects of the dimension of space. So in other words, we could say in physics terms that there's two dimensions of space that we're dealing with here, outer space and inner space. And these have the independent ability to store electricity, which is in there in actuality because it will either shock you or it will burn something out or it'll explode or it'll light up a light bulb.
But whatever, it's there. Okay, let's go back. Okay. Now, where did I leave off? Okay. I need to go a little further. Uh, we still we're in capacitance or inductance. Do you remember? I don't know where we're at. What's that? What number we on? 13. 13. Okay, let's go back to 13. Okay, there we go. So the smaller the space bounded by the conducting structures the more energy that can be stored. This is the exact opposite of magnetism.
With magnetism the units of volume of energy can be thought of working in parallel but the units volumes of energy and associate them with dialectricity can be thought of working in series. So magnetism tends to deal more with the square area type of of space storage where the dialectricity is more the space in between the lines on the ruler which can keep getting smaller and smaller where this one keeps getting bigger and bigger.
Okay, let's keep going. With inductance the reaction to change of field is the production of voltage or electromotive force. The current is or magnumotive force is what we're talking about current. We're also speaking of magnumotive force. We have to go back to our original relationships. But I can't jump so far so fast. The current is proportional proportionate to the field strength only and not the velocity of the field.
With capacity, the field is produced not by current but voltage. This voltage must be accompanied by a current in order for power to exist. The reaction of capacitance to change of applied force then is the production of current. So where the magnetism's reaction was voltage or electrootive force, the capacitors reaction is current or magnotive force. So the inductance reaction of electromotive force creates a potential to charge the capacitance.
But the capacitance reaction creates magneotive force which tends to feed the inductance. So we have energy trapped in a a selfdenying situation where one storage is the antithesis of the other and the energy can never stay put. It has to constantly go back and forth. That's how we get our frequency. If you go back to the time equation, this is what determines the frequency is it has to go back and forth. It has nowhere to go and it can't stay put.
So let's see, I left off the current is directly proportional to the velocity of the field strength. Just like with magnetism, when voltage increases, a reaction current flows into the capacitance and thereby energy accumulates. If voltage does not change, no current flow and then the capacitance stores the energy which produced in the field. So we store the energy in the coil by tying the two leads together. But we store the energy in the capacitor by taking the two leads apart.
So then if we look the coil and capacitor together, one is closed and the other is open. And we can see how this denial process starts this exchange. It's like an antithesis that can't get out of its loop and it has to occur at a definite frequency. So the frequency is the third dimension asking for well no frequency is is is a time dimension where the inductance and the capacitance are geometrical proportions spatial geometrical proportions they have no real dimensions in their own being they're more we'll get into that later how what the dimensions of these things are if okay so where did I leave off here now if the voltage decreases then the reaction current reverses is and energy flows out of the dialectric field.
As the voltage is withdrawn, the compression within the bounded space is relieved. When energy is fully dissipated, all the lines of force vanish. So what we've seen is when we discharge the inductance by breaking the circuit in order to keep the situation in the realms of reality and not infinity, the dialectric field had to take all this up. So in in these paragraphs we've seen how energy is basically moved out of the magnetic field and into the dialectric field and then the reverse situation can bring it right back.
Let's go further on because the power supply which provides the charging voltage has internal conductance after it is switched off the current leaking through the conductance drains the dialectric energy and converts it to heat. This is just like the resistance did in the inductance coil. We will assume per perfect capacitance having no leakage conductance. In other words, in the inductor we had perfect conductivity or zero resistance and in this case we have zero conductance.
We have perfect insulators. The open circuit the terminal is capacitor. No path for current flow exists by definition of an open circuit. If the field tends to expand, it will tend towards the production of current. However, an open circuit will not allow the flow of current as it has zero conductance that any attempt towards field expansion raises the voltage which then pushes the field back inward. So, it's trapped.
Therefore, the energy remains stored in the field. This energy can be drawn for use at any time. It's another form of energy storage which exists in a conjugate relation with the storage of magnetic energy. So, we keep going. phenomena of enormous magnitude manifest themselves when the criteria for voltage or potential difference is instantly discharged. This is how Tesla managed to create the special type of oscillating and and impulse currents that he used in his technology.
We'll see about these later. The effect of the effect is analogous with the open circuit of inductive current because the forcing voltage is instantly withdrawn. The field explodes against the bounding conductors with a velocity that may exceed light. Because the current is directly related to the velocity of the field, it jumps to infinity in its attempt to produce a finite voltage across zero resistance. If consernal energy has resided in the dialectric force field again let's say several kilowatt hours like in a household daily use that quantity of energy the resulting explosion has almost inconceivable violence and can vaporize conductors of substantial thickness instantly.
Dialectric discharges of great speed and energy represent one of the most unpleasant experiences the electrical engineer encounters in practice. when you're dealing with these giant phase advancing capacitor banks in these substations that connect the grid together is if those things stay charged is if you don't drain it through resistor but you try to short that thing out the the blast will just basically blow your drums right out and blind you.
That's the energy of a capacitor is is nearly instantaneous and is tends to be more of a type of phenomena. This one doesn't slowly build up. This one slowly builds down. Okay. So, let's go on. No, back one. Next one. The powerful currents produced by this sudden expansion of the dialectric field naturally gives rise to neg or magnetic energy. The inertia of the magnetic field limits the rise of current to a realistic value.
The capacitance dumps all of its energy back into the magnetic field and the whole process starts all over again. The inverse of the product of the magnetic storage capacity which we call inductance and the dialectric storage capacity which we call capacitance represents the frequency or pitch. In other words, it's the rate at which this energy interchange occurs. This pitch may or may not contain overtones or harmonics depending upon the extent of the conductors bounding the energy.
So this basically this part here on the ether is is complete. We'll have you answer Lucy. I got enough time. I'll have you ask questions on this now. If anyone has any questions, no questions. I'll for comment. Okay. When we were developing power supplies for some of the particle weapons that we were playing with many years ago, this idea of giant capacitor banks discharging in essentially near real time was quite well demonstrated.
Yeah, we blew things up all the time. It got very Okay. Well, I can't believe nobody has any questions on something this uh everyone understands everything I'm saying. How many people understand 10% of what I'm saying or more? Okay. So, I think somebody everybody's getting something out of it though. Yes. Okay. Well, long as I'm not putting everybody to sleep. Let me throw one more question out since we're talking about this kind of stuff.
What if you had the potential for time phase shift even very slightly? he would then return. I would think the energy quotient potential has given reference point in this model possibly. Yeah, that's that's what remember when I went back to the um I don't know if we can go back there or not, but when I when I showed the dimensions of resistance where inductance v with respect to time and then I showed the dimensions of conductance where capacitance is burning with respect to time, that's the time shift.
And what that does is then energy starts to go sideways into a dimensional relationship where it's no longer energy. Its pieces may still be there, but it's no longer the pieces no longer make the pie, which we call energy. Instead, we just have the can of cherries and we have the bag of flour. They're all still there. They haven't gone anywhere. We can take energy. Okay. Now, according to Heavy's law, the continuity of energy, that energy that exists in this capacitor coil can vanish as long as it exists in another time.
But that still meets the requirement for the law of continuity of energy. So this is basically how we get energy synthesized in electrical systems is by moving it around in time. That's where alternating current phase is always the number one word in everything we're dealing with is where are you at in the cycle? And you can build electrical machines to do this. I've seen them where energy will go into a generator. Okay?
And the generator will have no load connected to it. Okay? And you can have a kilowatt meter, okay, sitting on the input of this generator, not an amper won't give you the the real energy uh flow. It'll give you a false reading. But if you have a a power factor corrected kilowatt meter or a kil I have done with a kilowatt hour meter that would have been the proper way to do it. Energy will go into this rotating machine which varies with reluctance with respect to time such as an Alexanderson alternator and energy will vanish.
You'll be yanking power and paying for it from the utility company to make this thing spin and the energy is not eating the bearings up. It's not making windage. It's not coming out of the shaft and out the wires or the energy is simply taken apart by causing this time shift in the magnetic cycle. in the 60 cycle alternating current field. Well, given that that's why let's get back to this frame back up because time has been shown to be a nonlinear dimension and furthermore since you can go to different parts of time space and time elasticity or compression that would suggest that the harvest energy would be different in different locations because of time elongation or compression.
Well, those in in this theory those those things are not expressed that way. In fact, it's deliberately avoided to express things that way because you can't really distort the dimensions of time and space because they're metrical dimensions. Let's let's let's get a little more. Okay, if we have dimensions, we have dimensions that are called quantitative dimensions and we have dimensions that are called metrical dimensions.
I wasn't going to read this. Dimensions of space and time are dimensions of measurement. The measure of how far, the measure of how long, space and time are metrical dimensions. These conceptual dimensions are not those of a concrete physical or electrical reality, but are rather a sort of mental process. So the ideas of distorted time or space. Basically just says that you're building clocks that are distorted and you're building rulers that are distorted.
In electrical engineering, it's just it's considered a laugh. That's why I'm I'm making sure to reinforce these concepts because this is very important in electrical engineering. Otherwise, you won't get it. Are you saying that relativity, general relativity doesn't hold then? Yeah. Basically, it's just a way to explain away electricity and eliminate it. I effectively think it was a conspiracy. Well, painted his fingernails pink and slept on concrete blocks.
Maybe not everyone went along with it. But we already heard what Tesla had to say about it. I mean, the whole beginning of the book was filled with horrible Michael Savage stories and everybody all disgruntled. So maybe I'm not just making this up because if you want to understand Tesla, you better get all this stuff out of your mind or you're not going to get one iota of understanding of how Tesla works. You'll be permanently blocked from understanding it.
That's my theory of why there's the theory of relativity. But we're not here to talk about the theory of relativity. We're here to get away from it. Okay. Now conversely the dimensions of mass for magnetization are concrete realities. These exist independent of the metal process. Hence these are called the quantitative dimensions. These are what we apply space. These are what we apply to. We have the number of g per square centimeter per cubic centimeter.
We have the number of volts per second. Any of these type of things is it's always the measurable dimension is attached. That's why we started with the undivided quantities and then we metrically worked them in time to produce power and voltage and we metrically work them in space to produce flux densities over areas. Hereby it can be seen that the metrical dimensions work upon the quantity dimensions so as to gain a mental concept of the process or actions involved in the quantity.
Four electrical dimensions are required for electrical representation. One is the total magnetic induction. The other is the total dialectric displacement. Our metrical dimensions are time and space. So our four dimensions are are five, sigh and then L for length and T for time. These are the four dimensions of electricity. Everything in electricity consists of an inter relationship of these four dimensions. In physics it's mass, temperature, length and time.
In electricity it's magnetism. dialectricity length and time. It's a completely analogous relationship to physics, but it exists in a different reality. We can let's take a situation of the gas laws which you went back to a minute. I wanted to draw this up. I didn't have time. I bet you can do this here. Can I move? Sure. Yeah, absolutely. Let's uh Is this paint work? Let's see. So if we have pressure okay pressure basically increases with temperature and decreases with volume.
So these three quantities always have to exist in a relationship. Okay. Now if I take a cylinder okay and I have gas trapped in here okay it has to correspond to the kinetic area gases which this describes. So if I have a constant temperature, if I have a pressure of a certain quantity in here and I have a temperature of a certain quantity, if I decrease the size of this container, then in order for this relationship to preserve itself, either the temperature has to go up or the pressure has to go up and consequently both of them go up.
Okay? You know, if I take a given cylinder and I put a fire under it to raise it temperature, okay, the pressure will go up and the temperature will go up, but the volume can't go up. So, we have here a a situation where these three quantities have to be conserved. Now, you brought up the time factor. Well, this is interesting because this is the important part. Now, if I make this part that we blocked off in this cylinder, a piston in the engine, okay, and I'm introducing a fluid situation in here like gasoline and causing it to combust.
Now, we have a time cycle where these things are varying and it causes what we're going to get into is called a hysteresus loop. And that way, the energy can go in or out of the system. And if you measure the pressure in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, it will remain constant through the entire cycle. this thing about explosions pushing the pistons and all that. It's a bunch of Duke like electrons flowing in wires.
And actually the pressure will remain constant because the temperature and the volume are changing. And the ability to keep that pressure constant is what allows the the oscillating time variant cylinder to take the energy from the combustion and deliver it to the crankshaft. And there's various cycles that are called like diesel cycles and what have you. I don't know that much about engine theory but this is the type of situation we're dealing with.
So we have the normally time invariant model like if we have inductance and capacitance we can represent that by this energy stored in here. But if we have cyclic changes in those quantities if we vary them with respect to time then we start to get out of these dimensional relationships and get into something more complicated where energy either comes into the system or goes out to the system. through some form of translation either from the ether or from the burning gasoline or whatever type of situation.
This is basically what we're trying to get into theoretically so we can figure out how to produce these electrical systems that tend to be self- sustaining rather than so dissipated like the power line between the shipyard and the substation. that power line was creating electrical energy because of the fields that were going backwards in time and space out of the shipyard back to the substation took that electric field and rephased it and turned it into production of energy rather than consumption of energy.
So I'm going to get back to the uh so that's what we're going to try to get into now is more of the mathematics. Were those lines shift the dual pair of lines? It was uh a 600 amp threephase uh 12,000 volt power line. But were they like pairs of lines? Yeah, they were big heavy copper cables, two in parallel for each phase. Yeah, roughly probably, you know, about 1,000 lbs of copper per span. If you ever stuck anything across those, it'd be the the big blue flash.
They'd be uh I don't know if anyone's ever used the satellin torches, but when you don't give it oxygen, you know those
The words are the caption track's own and nothing is reworded or re-transcribed. Paragraph breaks are placed between sentences so the text reads as prose.
Use this transcript
Three free tools that work on the material around a video like this one. No signup, no login.
Hook Analyzer
Paste the first 30 seconds of your own draft for a hook score and rewrites.
Policy Pre-Flight
Check your draft against YouTube's advertiser-friendly guidelines before you record it.
Channel Skill Generator
Read this channel's public videos and transcripts, and download a writing brief for it.